婆罗洲图腾——砂华散文“场所精神”之建构

The Borneo Totems and the Construction of the "Field Spirit" in Malaysian Chinese-Language Shahua Prose

透过梁放、田思、沈庆旺等砂华作家的散文,检视文本中所描写的,以伊班族为代表的北婆罗洲原住民文化图腾。借由长屋、文化节庆、猎头习俗、原始巫术等重要元素,在散文创作中建构起独特的"场所精神",它强韧地维系住原住民文化和精神人格,并成为域外读者的导览秘径。砂华散文为这群没有文字和发声能力的伊班人记录了长屋文明酿制出来的场所精神,也见证了它在现代都市文明冲击下的衰亡。

Descriptions of the totems of the aboriginal Northern Borneo people,particularly the totems by the Yiban tribe,are found in Liang Fang's,Tian Si's,and Shen Qingwang's prose works.These writers construct the unique 'field spirit' by representing such cultural elements as the Long House,festivals,Headhunt,and the primitive witchcraft.This spirit preserves the aboriginal people's cultural and spiritual personality,and leads the outsiders to the understanding of their culture.The prose works record and represent for the illiterate aboriginal people the 'field spirit' formed in the Long House,and describe the decline of this unique culture.