北京1号小卫星遥感器性能在轨测试

On-orbit Performance Assessment of Beijing.1 Microsatellite Sensors

北京1号小卫星是中国第一颗实用型对地观测微小卫星,也是"国际灾难监测星座(DMC)"的第五颗星,该卫星于2005年10月27日在俄罗斯发射成功,设计寿命5年。在北京1号小卫星发射成功后,中英双方开始对卫星进行在轨测控和调试。在分析光学遥感器成像模型基础上,参考国际典型卫星在轨测试内容和北京1号卫星的特点,提出了北京1号小卫星在轨测试的内容、指标体系和技术方法,全面评价了北京1号小卫星的辐射性能、几何性能、光谱性能和图像综合质量,评价结果表明北京1号小卫星具有良好的性能。

The Beijing-1 microsatellite,launched on October 27th in 2005,is the first applied earth observing microsat- ellite of China.It is also one of the members of the international Disaster Monitoring Constellation(DMC).Its total mass is about 167kg.The designed minimum operational lifetime is 5 years.Beijing-1 microsatellite applies DMC multispectral cameras with a high resolution panchromatic imager based on the standard of SSTL.After its launch,Beijing-1 had been tested and evaluated for several months.From January to March in 2006,the primary purpose of the testing work was to evaluate the performance of the sensors.This paper introduced the tested items,the experiments,the data sets,the meth- ods and the results.Based on the characteristics of Beijing-1 mierosatellite and other earth observing satellites,a compre- hensive specifications of on-orbit testing and evaluating was proposed firstly by this paper.According to these specifica- tions,four in-flight testing and evaluating experiments were carried out in Beijing,Wuxi,Hefei and in Baihu farm which is located in Anhui province.In the four sites,three simultaneous measurement datasets were acquired respectively:the Beijing-1 images,the in situ surface reflectance and the atmosphere measurements,and the geometric measurements of linear objects and other typical objects.Based on the data sets,the geometric performance,radiometric performance, spectral performance and general quality of Beijing-1 sensors and images were tested and evaluated.The results of some key parameters,such as the resolution of panchromatic camera,the modulation transform function(MTF),the signal-to- noise(SNR),the linearity and dynamic range of panchromatic and multispectral cameras were given in the paper.Judged by results of the four in-flight testing and evaluating experiments,Beijing-lmierosatellite exhibited a good geometric and radiometric performance.More experiments will be taken place,and more parameters will be measured to evaluate Beijing-1 microsatellite comprehensively.