北宋“导洛通汴”考略

A Simple Investigation on “Leading the Water of the Luo River To the Bian Canal” in the North Song Dynasty

沟通北宋政治中心和经济重心的汴渠,是北宋朝廷的运输大动脉和生命线。为了确保汴渠的正常航运,北宋人曾作出不懈的努力,他们在实践中逐渐认识到:治汴的首要问题是治沙,而就当时生产力水平和治河技术来讲,他们还无力解决这一问题。导洛通汴工程的开通使汴渠避开了黄河不利因素的干扰,尽管受到洛河水暴涨暴落的影响有些不尽人意,但仍带来了前所未有的良好效益,开创了中国运河史上以水治沙的先河,发明并应用了复闸和水柜济运等工程技术,这些都为明清时期黄河的治理尤其是京杭大运河的畅通奠定了坚实的基础。

The Bian Canal who linked up with modern Kaifeng City,the Capital of the North Song Dynasty and the southern region of the Yangtze River, the economical centre of our country at that time is a big artery of transportation and lifeline . The people of the North Song Dynasty made efforts everlastingly in order to guarantee open navigation normally. It was realized by them gradually that harnessing sand is the first vital task of harnessing the Bian Canal. As far as the level of productive forces and technologies at that time,they could not solve it.The engineering of 'leading the water of the Luo River to Bian Canal made the Bian Canal evade the influences of the unfavourable factors of the Yellow River. The engineering gained better beneficial result than before, although it was affected by the hydrology feature of rising and setting suddenly of the Luo River. All engineerings of keeping away from the bad affections of the Yellow River and these inventions and creations of double lock and reservoir mass of supplying water to the Bian Canal,etc. , were the first in the history of Chinese canal, and they would become the technological basis of the Grand Canal in Ming and Qing Dynasties.