世界贸易组织框架下的环境保护机制探析

Environmental Protection System under the Auspices of the WTO

作为以促进贸易自由化为宗旨的国际组织,世界贸易组织在平衡贸易自由化与环境保护的关系方面显得步履艰难。一方面,世界贸易组织在制度设计上偏重于对贸易自由化的维护;另一方面,在审判实践中又不得不顾及环境保护的要求,且随着环保呼声的日益高涨而在制度设计上越来越多地体现了环境保护的要求。在新一轮的“多哈回合”中,各方对贸易与环境议题的争论和分歧较大,谈判的失败标志着世界贸易组织框架下的贸易和环境的平衡将面临更多的挑战。

Though the WTO is an international organization to facilitate trade liberalization, it balance the relationship between trade liberalization and environmental protection with many difficuties. The WTO stresses on the protection of trade liberalization in the institutional establishment; however, in the trade dispute settlement practices, the Dispute Settlement Body has paid more and more attention to the environmental protection. In the Doha Round, the members of the WTO have had a great argument over the issue of trade and environment, and the failure of the negotiation indicates the balance of the relationship between trade and environment will face more and more challenges in the regime of the WTO.