出世到入世的转变——日本封建社会后期商业发展的思想基础

An Outlook Change Toward Worldly Affairs:the Thinking Found ation of Japan's Commercial Development in Late Feudal Period

商业的受抑制、商人地位的被贬低,是现代化进程的重要阻碍。日本成功地实现现代化,完成了从农业社会向工商社会的转化,其根源就在于它为商业存在的合理性进行了有力辩护,实现了传统伦理向近代工商伦理的转型。这种转型是在传统的“出世”思想向“入世”思想转变的基础上,通过职分观、义利合一观和俭约论等观念的组合确立起来的。

A great hindrance in modernization development was the suppression of commerce and degraded status of businessmen.Japan's success in modernization and in the transformation from an agricultural society to an industrial and commercial one was guaranteed partly from its forceful justification of commerce,which represented a successful transformation of the traditional ethics to the modern commercial ethics.This transformation was made possible by the change of thinking mode from an escapist one to a worldly one,by the division of office and by the combination of justice and interest.