论“言意之辨”中的语言观

Viewpoints of Language Shown in the "Debate on the Relationship Between Language and Meaning"

在魏晋"言意之辨"中,荀粲、荀俣及王弼的立场均属于"言不尽意"派;欧阳建虽将其观点概括为"言尽意",但该观点却未能在逻辑上构成对"言不尽意"论的否定。荀粲"言不尽意"的命题透显出语言无用论的倾向;荀俣和王弼的观点则属于工具论的语言观,他们继承了中国语言观的主流传统;欧阳建"言尽意"的命题蕴含着另一种非主流的工具论语言观,此种语言工具论与荀俣和王弼所代表的语言观有着本质的不同。

In the 'Debate on the Relationship Between Language and Meaning' in the Wei and Jin periods,the standpoints of Xun Can,Xun Yu and Wang Bi belong to the school that believes that 'the language falls short of expressing the meaning'.Though Ou Yangjian claimed 'the language is effective in expressing the meaning',this point of view doesn't logically negate the standpoint of 'the language falls short of expressing the meaning'.Xun Can's proposition of 'the language fails to express the meaning' reveals a tendency toward 'the language is useless'.The points of view of Xu Yu and Wang Bi belong to the viewpoint of language as instrumental.They inherited the mainstream of the orthodox viewpoint of language.Ou Yangjian's proposition of 'the language is sufficient in expressing the meaning' contains another non-mainstream viewpoint of language as instrumental,which is essentially different from the viewpoint of language of Xun Yu and Wang Bi.