全球变暖、科学传播与公众参与——气候变化科技在中国的传播分析

Global Warming, Science Communication and Public Engagement——Analysis of S&T Communication of Climate Change in China

随着气候变化问题日渐引人关注,中国在其中的作用也日益突出。作为主要温室气体二氧化碳的世界第二大排放国,中国在后《京都议定书》时代有关全球气候的谈判中,其地位至关重要。然而,与中国在全球气候变化中所具有的重要性相比,媒体对这一问题的报道却有很大不足。在本篇论文中,笔者结合了对媒体报道内容的分析与面向气候变化科学家及科技记者的问卷调查,试图得出那些造成媒体报道气候变化问题不充分的社会的、科学的和传播方面的因素。在中国,缺少制度化的科学传播途径导致了媒体对这一题材上报道能力不足。在传播技术上,缺乏对科学争议、细节和与读者相关性的报道,则让这类新闻的影响力相当有限。这种情况需要我们在科学传播方面进行更加系统的工作。

China is the world's second biggest emitter of greenhouse gases which lead to global warming and its role in the post-Kyoto global climate negotiation is pivotal. However, compared with the rising importance of China in the global climate change, the public understanding of this issue has been extremely poor. In this thesis, the methods of media content analysis and interviews with climate scientists and science journalists are combined to reveal social, economic and scientific factors leading to the lukewarm media coverage of climate change issue. While the insufficiency of the institutional science communication has resulted in the barren media knowledge of global warming, the lack of details and controversies lowers the public interest in the theme. More systematic approaches involving boosting the public debate on climate change issues, bridging climate scientists and media, creating interactions between readers and the media coverage in climate changes are urgently needed for an effective communication of the issue.