美国的科技博物馆和科学教育

Science Museums and Science Education in USA

科学博物馆在20世纪己经历了巨大变化,其功能明显地从收藏研究转移到科学教育。美国科技博物馆的功能,特别是在教育功能方面的发展变化,给予我们许多启示:(1)要将科技博物馆当作科学教育的基础设施来建设;(2)要加强科技博物馆教育功能的开发;(3)科技博物馆中的非正规学习经验可作为科学教育改革的借鉴。

Science museums and science centers have undergone great change over the past century. With few exceptions,there has been a pronounced shift during this period from collections and research towards education.The development of the function,especially the educational function of the science museum in USA ,which indicates:1. Science museum should be treated as the infrastructure construction for scientific education ; 2. To strengthen the development of the educational function of the science museum ; 3. The informal education in the science museum can be treated as the reference for educational reform in the school.