公共生活与公民伦理(上)

Public Life and Ethic of Citizen

资本与市场的发现及其广泛运用造成了普遍的社会物质变换,全面的关系、多方面的需求以及全面的能力体系。建基于普遍交换之上的经济依赖性使人们愈来愈依赖于社会和所有的人,如若发展自己的能力、满足自己的多方面的需求,就得过一种公共性的生活。而公共生活则把自由、平等、所有权和利己心等这些基本价值置于公共交往的核心位置,惟其人们自觉、自愿加入和退出公共生活领域的,交往者才是有责任的个体。公民伦理构成公共交往和公共生活的文化基础,公共交往要求着同时也生成着公民伦理。公民伦理作为人们以公民身份交往时可以相互提出的有效性要求,乃是一种公共理性和公共价值,它们是作为合作剩余而出现的,是通过反复博弈确立下来的,在确定的边界内具有普遍有效性。

Capital and market have brought the wide exchanges of social materials, relationship, demands and ability. In this situation people are getting more and more dependent on the society and all the people. One must live a public life if one wants to develop one's ability or meet one's needs. The core of public society includes freedom, equality, self-regarding and others. The ethic of citizen forms the cultural basis of public society and life and at the same time public society also demands the ethic of citizen. The ethic of citizen is a kind of public sense and value and its appearance comes from the surplus of cooperation.