休谟“是”与“应当”问题的重新解读

Re-interpreting "Yes" and "Should" by Hume

"是"与"应当"问题是道德哲学的核心问题。自伦理学产生以来,它就一直影响着伦理学的发展。这一问题关系到理论哲学与实践哲学的联系与区别。英国哲学家休谟第一次明确地提出了这一问题,其后康德等人对该问题作出了直接回应。20世纪元伦理学家摩尔、艾耶尔等人重提该问题,并引发黑尔、麦金太尔、弗兰克纳、哈贝马斯等现代道德哲学家参与对这一问题的讨论。本文试图对这一问题进行重新解读,以揭示这一理论问题与我们现实社会生活的联系,并通过引进社会历史文化背景以及实践生活的思想对该问题作出新的解答。

'Yes' and 'Should' are the core of moral philosophy that has been affecting the development of ethnics.The British philosopher Hume is the first to put forward this problem and Kant made response.The 20th century meta ethnics scholars such as Moor,Aiye'er and others put it again,which is discussed by philosophers of Hare,Mcintyre,Frankena,Harbermas and so on.This paper tries to give a re-interpretation and reveal the contact between this theory and social life,and further make a new answer to it in the backgrounds of society,history,culture,practice and life.