颈动脉狭窄超声检查的应用及进展

Application and Advancement of Ultrasonography on Carotid Stenosis

超声检查无创,简单易行,实时成像,直观,重复性好,已成为颈动脉疾病首选的检查方法,并能够术前评价颈动脉狭窄治疗方案及疗效。随着超声技术的不断发展,颈动脉超声造影、血管内超声、术中超声、三维及四维血管超声已在临床发挥着重要作用。近年来,彩色多普勒超声已从形态学成像向功能成像发展,为临床提供更丰富的信息并指导治疗。目前,超声血管成形术以及超声造影剂微泡的空化效应已将超声从诊断推向治疗。本文对颈动脉超声检查的在颈动脉狭窄诊断上的应用及进展进行综述。

Carotid stenosis(CS)is one of the main factors resulting in cerebral ischemia and cerebral embolism, and the morbility is rising during these years.We discuss the application and advancement of ultrasound on CS in this article.The ultrasound is widely performed in CS because of its non-invasion,facility,realtime,direct vision and repeatability;before and after the operation of the CS,it can evaluate the therapy strategy and effect of CS. With the development of ultrasound techniques,contrast enhanced ultrasound(CEUS),intravascular ultrasound (IVUS),ultrasonography in operation and 3D or 4D ultrasonography have been widely used in clinical practice. Recently,it has developed from the morphological image to the functional image,so it can provide more infor- mation for the clinic and can guide the treatment.And now with the development of the intravascular ultrasound angioplasty(IUA)and the cavatition erosion of acoustic contrast agent,it has been used in the therapeutic territory. We believe in the future the ultrasound will play an important role in the clinic practice.