6Skinner DB,Little AG,Ferguson MK,et al.Selection of operation for esophageal cancer based on staging.Ann Surg,1986,204:391-401.
7Alderson D,Wright PD.Laser recanalizatinn versus endoscopic intubation in the palliation of malignant dysphagia.Br J Surg,1990,77:1151-1153.
8Yamada T.Text book of gastroenterology (vol 1).2nd ed.Philadelphia:JB Lippincott,1998,1182-1194.
9Alonso P,Gonzalez-Conde B,Maceulle R,et al.Achalusia:the usefulness of manometry for evaluation of treatment.Dig Dis Sci,1999,44:536-541.
10Prakash C,Freedland KE,Chan MF,et al.Botulinum toxin injections for achalasia symptoms can approximate the short term efficacy of a single pneumatic dilation:a survival analysis approach.Am J Gastroenterol,1999,94:328-333.