产后抑郁者的人格和社会支持影响因素分析

Investigation of personality characteristies and social support of postpartum women

目的研究产后抑郁者的人格特征、社会支持影响因素以及两者的相关关系。方法对237例产妇评定爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)。结果产后抑郁组与正常组EPQ各维度得分差异有统计学意义(P＜0．01);产后抑郁组的社会支持总分及其分量表得分均显著低于正常组(P＜0．01);社会支持与人格特征之间存在显著相关;抑郁产妇的主观支持情况受其认知模式的影响。结论内倾型、神经质女性易发生产后抑郁;产后抑郁的女性社会支持情况较正常女性差;在提高产妇的社会支持的同时,要注意改变产妇尤其是抑郁产妇的认知模式。

Objective To investigate personality characteristics and social support of postpartum women and to explore the relation between both of them.Methods 237 postpartum women were estimated by Edinburgh postnatal depression scale(EPDS),Eysenck personality questionnaire(EPQ),Social support rat- ing scale(SSRS)and some inquiring items.Results EPQ scores of depression women in different dimen- sionality had obvious differences with those of normal women(P＜0.01);The scores of social support and average scores of three dimensionalities in the group of depression women were obviously lower than those in normal group(P＜0.01 ).Correlation analysis showed that social support was obviously related with individu- al features;Subjective support is affected by patterns of cognition to depressional primipara.Conclusion The risk of postpartum depression was higher in endocentric and nervous women than in extrovert and steady ones;Women in postpartum depression were worse in situation of social support than the normal women; While maternal support from the community is improved,the cognitive pattern of puerpera should be also be changed,especially of depressianal puerpera.