神经节苷脂GM1对谷氨酸介导的基底前脑神经元损伤的保护作用

Ganglioside GM1’s protecting basal ganglia neurons from injury mediated by glutamate

目的观察神经节苷脂GM1对谷氨酸造成的基底前脑神经元损伤的保护作用。方法取出生后1d乳鼠前脑基底神经元培养,随机分为正常对照组、模型组(谷氨酸损伤组)、神经节苷脂GM1保护组。用倒置相差显微镜进行活细胞观察,采用RT-PCR技术检测前脑基底神经元神经生长相关蛋白-43(Growth associated protein-43,GAP-43)的表达。结果谷氨酸损伤组神经元在倒置相差显微镜下可见胞体回缩,突起消失或断裂。神经节苷脂GM1保护组的神经元绝大多数胞体饱满,突起明显,细胞间的网络联系仍清晰可见,接近于正常对照组;神经节苷脂GM1大脑基底神经节GAP-43的mRNA表达比谷氨酸损伤组高,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论神经节苷脂GM1能保护基底神经元免受谷氨酸兴奋性毒性的损伤。

Objective To investigate the protective effects of ganglioside GM1 on primary cultured dissociated basal ganglia neurons which were mediated by glutamate.Methods Basal ganglia cultures were made from 1-day-old rats.The slices were divided into 3 groups, namely control group, model group(glutamate group) and ganglioside GM1 group.The percentage of living basal ganglia neurons was determined by inverted microscope.The GAP-43 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR method.Results The basal ganglia neurons of glutamate group swelled or shrunk.And the neurons broke, became shorter, or even disappeared after incubated by glutamate.The basal ganglia neurons of ganglioside GM1 group satiated.In the cell culture, ganglioside GM1 mainly increased the number of basal ganglia neurons and promoted the development of the processes.The effects of ganglioside GM1 on the number and morphology of basal ganglia neurons were obviously superior to those of glutamate group.The quantity of GAP-43 mRNA in ganglioside GM1 group was higher than that in the glutamate group (P<0.05).Conclusion Ganglioside GM1 protects basal ganglia neurons from the injury by glutamate.