影响新生儿母乳喂养的相关因素及调查分析

目的了解产妇产后母乳喂养的情况,探讨影响母乳喂养的相关因素,正确指导产后母乳喂养,期望提高母乳喂养率。方法采用随机整群抽样方法抽取480例产妇及新生儿,并对其进行了母乳喂养调查。结果产妇中92.08%(201/218)接受过母乳喂养教育,母乳喂养率为80.21%;开奶时间早的母乳喂养率明显高于开奶时间晚者(P<0.01);未使用奶瓶喂养婴儿者的母乳喂养率明显高于使用奶瓶者(P<0.01);自然分娩者的母乳喂养率高于其它分娩方式(P<0.05);产妇不同心理状态的母乳喂养差异有显著性(P<0.01);产妇睡眠时间长者母乳喂养率明显高于睡眠时间短者(P<0.01)。结论影响母乳喂养的相关因素有开奶时间、开奶前使用奶瓶、分娩方式、产妇心理状态、睡眠时间等;积极开展母乳喂养健康教育是保证母乳喂养成功的关键。

Objective To know the breastbeeding conditions of postpartums of parturients,to probe the correlate fators of breastbeeding,to guide correctly postpartum breastbeedings,and to promoted expectantly the breastbeeding rate.Methods 480 cases of parturients and neonates were chosen with the random cluster sampling study,and were investigated their breastbeeding conditions.Results There were 92.08% parturients be received breastbeeding health educations,the breastbeeding rate is 80.21%.The rate of initiation time of breastbeeding early was higher than that of initiation time of breastbeeding lately(P<0.01).The rate of non-using milk bottle babies' breastbeeding was higher than that of using milk bottle babies' breastbeeding(P<0.01).The rate of natual labors' breastbeeding was higher than that of other labor ways(P<0.05).There was a significant difference between the differed mental situations(P<0.01).The rate of sleeping time long was higher than that of sleeping time short(P<0.01).Conclusion The correlate fators influence on breastbeeding were the initiation time of breastbeeding, using milk bottle before breastbeeding,labor ways,different mental situations of parturients,the sleepling time,et al.The key to guarantee the breastbeeding success was developing health educations actively.