实习护士发生医疗皮肤损伤的调查

目的了解实习护士在实习期间发生医疗皮肤损伤的情况,并探讨相关对策。方法2004年9月对8所医院的新护士采用回顾性问卷调查。结果80名实习护士发生皮肤损伤的占98.25%,共发生270次损伤,平均每人3.4次,其中针刺伤1.92次;被调查者所在6所学校均无开设职业防护课程,也无相应教材;发生损伤后能主动汇报的比率很低,占3.33%;发生皮肤损伤的地点分布以病房为主,占60.37%;锐器伤发生的种类中以针头和玻璃伤为主,占92.60%;在有潜在血液接触的操作中戴手套率很低。结论实习护士缺乏防护知识,发生皮肤损伤率高。因此,学校应增设职业防护课程,医院应加强岗前安全教育及管理。

Objective To investigate the occupationalr isk level of nursing students who had skin injuries, so as to provide advices for making protection. Methods The retrospective study of skin injuries among students in medical practices from Sept 2004 to June 2005. Students from 6 nursing schools / colleges answered a questionnaire about skin injuries. Results A total of 79 nursing students (98.25%) suffered skin injuries in past year. There are 270 cases of skin injuries occurred this year. A student suffered in average 3.4 skin injuries and 1.92 needl esticks occurred during the period. There are no precaution knowledge in the nursing textbook in China, and no classes assigned specifically for students. Few students (3.33%) reported their injury. The majority injuries occurred in ward(60.37%). Needles and grass itemaccounted for 92.60% of the ite minvolved in skin injuries. Conclusions This study demonstrated that skin injuries occurred frequently among nursing students and their knowledge level about precautions was low. The education about universal precautions is indispensable; relevant guidelines and regulations are needed both colleges and hospital.