社会评价主体文化心理的历史考察

Historical investigation of the cultural psychology of social evaluating subject

代表一个社会作出社会评价的总是以一定社会形式组织起来的人,且主要是那些被授予社会评价能力的国家机关、政府、领导、权威人士等。在不同的历史发展阶段,一定的社会文化决定了一定社会人们的文化心理特征,而这些特征所反映的正是该社会的社会评价主体的主体意识及其地位,从而决定了该社会的社会评价。通过对社会评价主体文化心理形态的历史考察可以揭示社会评价主体的主体意识觉醒程度和地位的历史变迁;以史为鉴,从人自身和社会历史发展的高度反思现代社会的社会评价主体特征与价值取向。

The evaluating subject which makes social evaluation on behalf of a society must be organized by certain social form,and mainly is the state agency,the government,the leader,the authoritative person and so on,who is conferred evaluating power by the society.During different historical development periods,the certain social culture determines the people's cultural psychology that just reflects the subject consciousness and the position of social evaluating subject of the society and then it decides the social evaluation of the society.By a historical study of the cultural psychology of social evaluating subject,this paper attempts to show the extent to which social evaluating subject realizes their subjectivity and the historical change of the subject position.By taking history as a mirror,this paper explores to reconsider the characteristics and value orientation of social evaluating subject in modern society from the perspective of development of human and society.