灌区节水改造经济评价

Economic Evaluation on the Works of Saving Water and Rebuilding in Irrigation Area

农业是我国国民经济中最主要的用水大户,农业灌溉用水占总用水量的70%,农业生产在很大程度上依赖于灌溉条件。据统计,全国约70%的粮食、90%的棉花和95%的蔬菜生产主要靠农田灌溉。目前,农业灌溉一方面干旱缺水,一方面用水浪费严重,灌溉水的利用率只有40%左右,单方水粮食生产能力约为1kg,而先进国家为2kg,以色列高达2.32kg,因此远低于世界发达国家水平,水资源浪费十分严重。解决我国水资源短缺问题的根本途径是推广节水灌溉,发展节水农业。

Agriculture is the biggest water user in our national economy,for the water used in agriculture irrigation takes up 70% of the total.Agriculture mainly depends on the irrigation condition for production.According to the statistic,70% of food,90% of cotton and 95% of vegetable depend on the agriculture irrigation in our country.At present,drought and water waste are considered to be two big problems in agriculture irrigation as the utilization ratio of irrigation water is only about 40%.The food output against a single cubic meter watet in our country is only about 1kg,while it is 2kg in some developed countries and even 2.32kg in Israel.Consequently,such a low water utilization ratio has resulted in serious waste of water resources in our country.The fundamental ways to solve such water shortage problem are to promote water saving irrigation and develop water saving agriculture.