结构主义和转换生成语法的对比研究

A Comparative Study on American Structuralism to TG Grammar

结构主义语言学和转换生成语法是目前西方语言学最有影响的两种语言学理论,结构主义语言学有完整的体系,对语言和语素有透彻的研究,但在句法机制方面的研究有不足;转换生成语法的产生是语言学上的革命,它发展了语言理论的解释力,但还远没有达到它的理论目标,有待完善。

American structural descriptive linguistics and Chomsky's TG Grammar are the two most influential theories in the modern linguistics.This article is a comparative study on the two with respect to background,philosophical and psychological bases,linguistic concepts,aims of linguistic study,methodology and language learning theory.During the long history of study,structural linguistics has developed a comparatively thorough theoretical system,with its great achievements in both phonetics and morphology.However,it is still not sufficient in the study of syntax.TG Grammar has brought about a revolution in linguistics and its theory has become stronger in explanation;but it is still far from its perfect theoretical aim and needs improvement.