20世纪的河床演变学

Fluvial processes study in the 20^(th) century

虽然人类对河流的研究已有悠久的历史,但河床演变学在20世纪60年代开始发展成为一门独立的学科。根据20世纪的研究进展情况,本文阐述了河床演变学8个主要方面(水系的形成和发育,河型,河相关系,弯曲型河流,其它类型的河流,坝上下游的再造床过程,实物模型,数学模型)的主要成果及有关问题,并对今后发展需注意的问题提出一些建议。

Although rivers have been the subject of study by human being for quite a long time, the fluvial process as an independent discipline of study emerged in as late as the 1960's. The author elucidated, in this paper, 8 main topics of the fluvial processes: formation and development of river systems, river patterns, hydraulic geometry of river channels, meandering rivers, other types of rivers, fluvial processes upstream and downstream dams, physical modeling and numerical modeling. Several suggestions for future study of fluvial processes were presented.