上海污水排放口水域水质和底质分析

Water quality and sediment quality of waters near shanghai sewage outfalls

本文分析了上海竹园和白龙港两处污水排放口附近水域的水质和底质现状,并与长江口大水域进行比较,研究了城市污水排放对长江口局部水域造成的污染和对水域富营养化的影响。研究结果表明,城市污水排放口附近局部水域氮、磷污染严重,其它污染物影响较小。长江口大水域氮、磷、铜、铅和化学需氧量浓度均较高,水污染严重,并有逐年上升趋势。分析认为城市污水排放贡献了大量的氮、磷,但未对重金属污染造成明显影响。排放口水域和长江口大水域均处于富营养化状态,分别为"磷限制潜在性富营养"和"磷中等限制潜在性富营养"。为控制赤潮的发生,建议上海城市污水排放前进行脱氮除磷处理。

The authors analyzed the water quality and bottom sediment quality near the Zhuyuan and Bailonggang sewage outfalls and compared them with those from the large waters of the Changjiang estuary. The situation of the local water pollution in the estuary caused by the urban sewage discharges were studied and their contribution to the eutrophication in the estuary was analyzed. It was found that nitrogen and phosphorus pollution were serious but pollutions due to other pollutants such as heavy metals were minor in the waters near the outfalls. The concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, copper, lead and COD were relatively high and increased year by year in the large waters of the estuary. The local waters near the outfalls and large waters of the Changjiang estuary were in the state of potential phosphorus limited eutrophication and moderate potential phosphorus limited eutrophication. It was suggested that the urban sewage of Shanghai city be de-nitrogenized and de-phosphorusized before releasing in order to control the occurrence of red tide.