中国农业生产结构变化与政府的科研投资方向

Agricultural Structure Changes and Public Investment in Agricultural Research in China

我国农业科研方向和研究成果与农民的技术需求脱节现象较为严重。本文通过1950年以来我国农业生产结构的变化和政府的农业科研投资结构变化,分析了我国的农业科研投资政策所存在的问题,得出我国政府对农业科研的投资即使在总量严重不足的条件下,也出现了偏离;政府对畜牧业与水产业科研的投资未能与其产业发展的速度相适应。近期政府应该调整其科研投资政策,将畜牧业和水产业科研投资放在优先考虑的领域;在种植业内部,经济作物尤其是园艺作物应该成为其投资的重点领域之一。

Food consumption pattern changes have led significant change in the structure of agricultural production and therefore farmers' demand for agricultural technologies, which require the changes in the priorities of the public agricultural research investment. The objectives of this paper are to estimate agricultural structure changes and their demand for public investment in agricultural research. The results show that agricultural research has been much underinvested and the investment priorities have been also inconsistent with the changes in agricultural structure over time. The rapid expansion of livestock, fishery and horticulture has been accompanied with the declining share of their research expenditure in the total agricultural sector. Based on these findings, several policy implications are provided.