论自然人性与经济学发展

A Discussion about the Nature of Natural Man and Development of Economics

对不同层次人性假设的认识是不同经济学学派建立的基础,各经济学派都有自己的主要理论与观点,并在一定时期内得到人们的认同。各经济学派理论观点差异的根源在于对人性假设的层次、角度与对象不同。本文通过分析经济学中关于人性假设的问题,提出了"自然人性"假说和3个层次、8种基本类型的人性假设,并从原始人性的层面上分析了将来经济学研究与发展的新空间,以期推动经济学在人性假设、分层次研究方面做进一步的探讨。

The understanding of hypothesis for human nature on various levels is the basis for different economic schools, as each economic school had its own major theories and ideas identified by most of the people during a certain age. The roots of the difference between these schools lie in the different levels, angles and objectives for the hypotheses of human nature. This article, through the analysis on various hypotheses of human nature, presents a new hypothesis called 'spontaneous nature of humankind' with 3 levels and 8 basic types, and assays the new space in economic research and development in the future at the original level of human nature, so as to promote further probe into economic researchm on hypotheses of human nature with all levels.