失神经皮肤植入神经后新生轴突再生的机制探讨

Expression and its significance of S－ 100 proteins in skin after nerve implantation

目的 观察感觉神经植入术后皮肤内 S－ 100蛋白染色的变化情况。方法 利用已建立的猴失神经皮肤手指模型，再神经植入后 1、 3、 5、 8和 12个月对手指指腹皮肤进行免疫组织化学染色，光镜下观察结果。结果 正常皮肤中，有少量 S－ 100蛋白染色阳性的神经纤维和感觉小体，感觉神经植入后，阳性标记物明显增强，尤其在神经植入后 3～ 5个月时，免疫反应阳性的增加显著，随后略有减弱， 12个月后接近正常皮肤的染色情况。结论 植入的神经恢复了感觉神经结构和功能的完整性，可以使感觉小体获得神经再支配。 S－ 100蛋白在维持神经正常的功能方面发挥重要的作用，神经损伤后雪旺氏细胞对神经的再生影响与 S－ 100蛋白密切相关。

Objective To observe the changes of S－ 100 proteins in skin after sensory nerve implantation. Method The model of denervated skin of monkey hand was used. 1,3,5,8 and 12 month after nerve was implanted into monkey digital skin, selected sample of digital pulp, stained the samples with immunohistology and observed under the light microscope. Result There were S－ 100 proteins immunoreactivity(IR) positive nerve fibers and sensory corpusles in normal skin, displays strong immunoreactivity for all antigens examined, the number of immunostaining nerve fibers and corpuscles as well as the intensity of IR for the antigen increased in cutaneous sensory after nerve implantation, especially at 3, 5 month after operation, then became weaker and weaker with time prolongation of nerve regeneration, got close to normal pattern at 12 month after nerve implantation. Conclusion The implanted nerve might recover the functional and structural integrity of sensory fibers and innervate the degenerative corpuscles. S－ 100 may be an important role in maintaining normal nerve function, and activated Schwann cells for nerve regeneration after nerve injury.