肥胖康复中的行为干涉治疗

The role of behavioral interventions in the treatment of obesity

行为干涉包括调整那些与肥胖的维持和发展有关的行为的系统应用 . 大多数行为干涉指自我监测、刺激控制、应激处理、社会支持、事故处理、处理问题、体育锻炼、防止反弹、认识重塑等 . 这些干涉在肥胖者短期体重减轻疗效较好 , 但对长期保持较低的体重效果略差 . 因为肥胖是个不易治愈的慢性状态 , 所以行为干涉需要覆盖面广 , 包括生存质量 , 良好的心理素质 , 较低的心血管危险因素 , 持续的治疗模式而非短暂的、限时的收效 .

This chapter reviews the role of behavioral interventions in the treatment of obesity.Behavioral interventions include the systematic application of learning theories to modify behaviors that contribute to the development of obesity or its maintenance.Most behavioral interventions include the use of self－ monitoring,stimulus control,cognitive resturcturing,stress management,social support,contingency management,problem solving,physical activity,and relapse prevention.These interventions have been helpful in the achievement of short－ term weight losses in obesity individuals,but they have been less successful in long－ term maintenance of lowered body weight.Because obesity is a chronic condition,unlikely to be cured,behavioral interventions need to focus on broader outcomes,including quality of life,good psychological quality,and lowerer cardiovascular risk,a continual treatment model rather than short－ term,time－ limited approaches.