中国部分地区中老年人群骨密度与饮食习惯的相关分析

Correlation analysis of bone minera l density and diet －customs in the mid dle －aged and elderly population in p arts of China

目的通过对中国部分地区中老年人群骨密度测量及对其饮食习惯的调查,寻找骨密度BMD)与饮食习惯的相关关系。方法问卷随机抽样调查我国四大行政区部分省市2690例中老年人(排除继发性骨质疏松症患者)的饮食习惯并测量其股骨Ward’s三角骨密度,按照性别分层,采用直线相关与回归分析方法,寻找BMD与各种饮食的相关关系。结果各种饮食对BMD的作用大小依次为城市男性食用米饭、豆类制品、动物油、肉类、蔬菜、牛奶、早饭,其中吃米饭、肉类、动物油与BMD呈负相关;农村男性食用米饭、植物油、肉类、牛奶,其中食用米饭、植物油、肉类与BMD呈负相关;城市女性为食用水果、蔬菜,农村女性为食用动物油、土豆类;不同省市饮食习惯与骨密度亦存在不同程度相关。结论男性与女性、城市与农村、不同地区之间饮食习惯不同,影响BMD的饮食不尽相同;长期食用蔬菜、水果、豆制品、喝牛奶可增加中老年人群的BMD;大量食用米饭及肉类则可能降低男性的BMD,食用动、植物油对中老年人群BMD的影响有待研究。

Objective By measuring the bone mineral densit y（BMD）of the old people ５０years old and above and investigating their diet －customs in some parts of the four prov inces in China，we want to find the correlative relation of the BMD and the d iet －customs ．Methods We inquired ２６９０old peoples diet －customs （not including the patients of the oth er osteoporosis）and measured their BMD of femur Wards tri－angle．According to the sex to stratify，we used the method of the linear correlation and regression to find the relation of the BMD and the diet －customs．Results The sequence of the effect of the diet－customs to the BMD as follows：The ma le in urban is cooked rice，bean －product，animal oil，meat，vegetabl es and milk and cooked rice，meat and a nimal oil is negative correlation wi th the BMD，the male of rural area is cooked rice，vegetable oil，m eat，milk and cooked rice，vegetable oil and meat are negative correlatio n with the BMD；The female of the urban is fruits，vegetables and the f emale of the rural area is animal oil a nd potato；there are also differences between diet －customs and BMD in different provinces．Conclusions There are different diet －customs in different sex and areas，so there are different diet －customs that influence the BMD．The vegetables，f ruit，bean －product and milk are conductive to increase the BMD of the old p eople，but to the males，cooked rice and meat can reduce their BMD and we have to study the effect of t he vegetable oil and animal oil furth er．