试论环境保护与贸易自由的关系

Discusion of the relation between the circumstanceconservation and the trade freedom

环境与发展研究是当今世界的重要课题。《建立世界贸易组织的协定》前言宣布,各国应确保按照可持续发展的目标最佳地利用全球资源,同时保护环境。为了协调贸易措施与环境措施之间的关系,世界贸易组织理事会设立了贸易与环境委员会,审查被用来保护环境的贸易措施以及对贸易具有重要影响的环境措施,推动可持续发展。可见,环境保护与贸易自由化的关系自20世纪90年代以来已成为国际社会普遍关心的一个焦点问题。笔者认为,贸易自由化并不必然与环境保护发生冲突。二者能否协调发展,关键在于各国的相互支持与国际合作。

Environment and development are important issues.It is announced in the preface of'world trade organization convention'that all the members should ensure to make good use of the resources and protect the environment.In order to coordinate the relationship between the trade measure and environment measure,the council of WTO set up trade and environment board,which inspects the trade measure protecting the environment and the environment measure concerning trade,so as to promote the sustainable development.We can see that the international society has focused on the relationship between environment protection and liberation of trade since 1990s.The WTO is the centre of research and coordination.Therefore,the thesis casts attention on it.Although there is not any aggreement,liberation of trade does not conflict with environment protection inevitabely.Whether the two can harmonise or not is determined by international support and cooperation.