拓石与雕版印刷

Tashi and Engraving Printing

雕版印刷的发明直接来源于拓石 ,由拓石到雕版 ,最重要的是复制观念的转变。即由去拓已有之石到为拓而刻石 ,这与雕版的本质是一样的。根据最早记载拓石的唐代资料 ,可以认为 :一、晋代就有拓石 ;二、拓石普及于隋唐之际 ,对书法的爱好和传播佛教教义以求福报的心理构成较大的社会需求 ,刻拓观念随之出现并成熟 。

The Invention of engraving printing is rooted in Tashi(make rubbings from inscriptions, pictures, etc. on stone tablets). From Tashi to engraving, the most important factor is the change of copy idea. The paper analyses the data of Tang Dynasty and comes to two conclusions. First, there had been Tashi in Jin Dynasty. Secondly, Tashi was popularized on the occasion of Sui and Tang. The new copy idea which is called Keta(to cave the stone for rubbing)existed at that time because of calligraphy and Buddhism. So engraving printing should be invented on the occasion of Sui and Tang.