从《说文》动物词的文化说解看先民的思想认知

Research on Thoughts of Ancient People from the Cultural Interpretation on Words of Animals in "Shuo Wen"

名物训释是词典编撰的重点,《说文》的名物词说解很有特色,它在抓住被释物的外在特征时,还十分注重阐释其文化内涵,而这种阐释恰是先民思想认知的真实记录,这就使后人可以据此窥探到古人的诸多文化观念。通过对《说文》少数几个动物词虞、乌、易、螣、鳳、蝄、莺、雇、雀、鸡的剖析,阐述其所反映的儒家的仁、孝、贞节观、神灵鬼怪观及天人合一观。

The explanation of nomination words in 'Shuo Wen' has distinguishing feature.It takes more attentions on explaining the internal cultural connotation of things as well as their surface feature.These interpretations are the real records of the ancients' thoughts.So we can get lots of cultural thoughts of the ancients from it.This article is to show the concept of benevolence,filial obedience and chastity of Confucianism,and explain the concept of god and ghost and concept of unity between universe and human being by analyzing the words of animals in 'Shuo Wen'.