山羊草(Aegilops)物种作母本与小麦远缘杂交的评价

Evaluating wide crosses between Aegilops species as female and common wheat

研究了山羊草不同物种作母本,在不借助胚培等特殊措施的情况下与不含隐性可杂交基因的小麦推广品种杂交、回交及杂种自交情况,结果表明:(1)山羊草物种作母本,小麦推广品种作父本进行杂交是一种很有效的方式;山羊草物种作母本容易与小麦进行杂交,但回交和自交较困难;回交与自交相比时,回交容易些;(2)同一物种的不同基因型材料在与小麦杂交、回交及杂种自交时存在大量变异;(3)杂交结实率与以后的回交或自交并不相关,但是杂种的回交和自交之间相关;(4)山羊草物种与小麦杂交、回交及其杂种自交的结实率与其染色体组构成并无明显相关。

Under conditions of no embryo culture,it was studied that crosses, backcrosses and self-fertilizations between Aegilops species as female and common wheat without recessive crossability gene.The results showed as following6:(1)Crossing Aegilops species as female with wheat was an efficient way to produce the hybrids;(2) Using Aegilops as female was easy to cross with common wheat,but were difficult to backcrosses and self-fertilizations to their hybrids,while self-fertilizations were more difficult in comparison with backcrosses;(3)There had no obvious correlation between crossabilities and backcrosses or self-fertilizations,but backcrosses were relation to self- fertilizations;(4)It had no obvious correlation among genome constitutions of Aegilops species for the seed set of crosses,backcrosses and self-fertilizations of Aegilops species× common wheat.