我国高等教育大众化的反思与对策

Popularization of Higher Education in China:Reflection and Solution

高等教育大众化理论在我国实践过程中出现了理解上误差 ,影响了高等教育大众化的有效发展。事实上 ,马丁·特罗大众化理论形成的经验性及其背景的单一性 ,决定了它是一种有“约束条件”的理论 ;大众化理论中的数字并不是一个非常重要的因素 ,只是一个相对概念 ,不具绝对意义 ;大众化形成主要是高等教育内外部矛盾运动的“自然”过程 ,是“质”“量”互动的结果 ,而非外在人为因素所致。在我国大众化实践过程中 ,存在着“质”与“量”关系失调 ;单一化发展路径与应然性多样化相悖 ;教育质量与教育规模背反 ;“非均衡”发展与教育公平的冲突等矛盾。化解这些矛盾应坚持科学发展观 ,走以人为本、统筹协调和可持续发展的科学之路。

The popularization theory of higher education has be en misunderstood i n its practice in China, which has influenced the effective popularization of hi gher education. As a matter of fact, Martin Terro's popularization theory is ba sed on personal experience and single background, which means it is a conditione d theory. Figures in the popularization theory are not a very important factor; it is only a relevant concept without any absolute meaning. The popularization is mainly a natural movement of the internal and external contradictions in hig her education. It results from the interaction of “quality” and “quantity” inst ead of external artificial factors. China's practice of the popularization is c onfronted with the contradictions between “quality” and “quantity”, single a nd m ultiple developmental paths, educational quality and scale, and unbalanced devel opment and educational equality. The solution of the contradictions appeals to a scientific developmental concept and sustainable developmental strategy, stres sing human resource and overall coordination.