血液透析患者肝炎病毒感染危险因素分析

Risk factors of hepatits virus infectkn in hemodialysis patients

目的 了解血液透析患者乙型、丙型和庚型肝炎病毒(HBV、HCV和HGV)感染及合并感染的危险因素。方法 采用酶联免疫法(ELISA)检测了44例血透患者的HBV标志物、抗-HCV和抗-HGV抗体,逆转录-套式PCR法检HCV BNA及HGV RNA。结果 血透患者三种肝炎总感染率达77.3％,HBV、HCV、HGV感染率分别为72.7％、13.6％和13.6％,HBV/HCV、HCV/HGV、HGV/HBV合并感染分别为11.4％、2.3％和11.4％,HBV、HCVT HGV三重感染率为2.3％。HCV感染与输血次数、透析年限明显相关,而HBV和HGV感染与输血次数、透析年限无显著相关。肝炎病毒合并感染组与单纯感染组、阴性组比较,输血次数明显增多、透析年限明显延长。结论 血透患者HBV、HCV和HGV感染率均较高。严格消毒措施,减少输血,血源筛查,对减少透析中肝炎病毒感染至关重要。

Objective To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of hepatits B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV)and hepatitis G virus(HGV)infection in henwdialysis(HD) patients. Melhods Serum HBV markers,anti - HCV and anti - HGV were detected by enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)in 44 HD patients. HCV RNA and HGV RNA were determined by reverse trariscription nested polymerase chain reaction ( RT - PCR) assay. Results Of 44 HD patients,32 patients (72.7%)were positve for HBV markeis,6 patients (13.6%)were positive for HCV markere, and 6 patients(13.6%)were positive for HGV markers.The prevalence of HCV infection was significandy related to times of blood transfusions and duiation of dialysis,but HBV and HGV were not.5 patients (11.4%)wete positve for both HBV and HCV,l patient(2.3%) was positve for both HGV and HGV.The total prevalence of the three types of hepatitis virus infection was 77.3%(34/44).Compared with single hepatitis virus infection group and control group, su-perinfection of hepatitis virus group had more tinies of blood transfusions and longer duration of dialysis . Condusions The prevalence of HBV,HCV and HCV infection were high in HD patients. It is essential to strict sterilizatoin,dectease transfusion and screen blood for hepatitis virus to reduce the transmission of hepatitis vius in dialysis units.