流域水文模型研究的进展

The Development of Hydrological Model

流域水文模型是对流域上发生的水文过程进行模拟计算的数学模型 ,在水文过程模拟中 ,对流域内的产流 ,坡面汇流以及河道汇流过程的模拟是很重要的。坡面产汇流模型模拟从降水到流域产流和流域坡面汇流的水文子过程 ,河道演进模型模拟河网汇流水文子过程 ,现有的水文模型大多数是没有考虑水文变量和水文参数空间变化的概念性水文模型。随着地理信息技术的发展 ,考虑水文变量和水文参数空间变化的分布式水文模型得到了极大的重视与发展 ,而且 。

The hydrological model,which is a technology developed since 1960s,is a kind of mathematical methods for simulating the hydrological process in the watershed.The the simulation of hydrological process can be divided into two sub-hydrological process,one is the runoff generation simulation and the other is the routing of flow.In the lumped hydrological model the hydrological variable and parameter are assumed as uniform in the whole basin. Due to the Geography Information System technology the distributed hydrological model,which can dea with variety of hydrological variable and hydrological parameter,had got more attention and development. In addition the spatial information,needed by the distributed hydrological model,can be got more easily because of the development of the Remote Sensing technology.