法人类学视野中的权力与秩序

The Power and the Order Under the Eye of Anthropology of Law

法人类学坚持“一切人类社会皆有其法律制度”的理论,打破了在国家结构中探讨权力与秩序的传统研究方法。在无国家的人类群体或与国家联系不甚紧密的底层民众中,由公众授权产生的民间权威是建构社会秩序的重要力量,随着国家政治权力的出现,这种公众权力因受挤压而凸显出由强渐弱的变迁态势,从而使民间社会表现出单一式、双重式和黏合式的秩序重建家园模式。

Anthropology of law holds the theory that“all the human societies are with legal systems”,which breaks through the traditional way of research that the power and order are discussed under the national structure.Among the human groups not belonging to any countries or the common people not tightly related with the states,the nongovemment authority authorized by the public is the important force to construct the social order.But as the political power of the state coming into being,the public authority is compressed and becomes weaker and weaker,so that the folk society pre- sents the single,dual or composite patterns of order reconstruction.