马克思恩格斯“跨越”理论与当代社会主义发展

Marx and Engels' “Span” Theory and the Development of Conte mporary Socialism

马克思恩格斯“跨越”理论不是指俄国的传统村社可以直接进入社会主义，而是指在特定的国际国内条件下，村社有可能走一条独特的非资本主义发展道路，并在西方胜利了的无产阶级帮助下实行社会主义变革。20世纪苏联、中国等一批落后国家率先进入社会主义，与马克思恩格斯当时的设想具有不同的国际国内条件，它不能验证“跨越”理论正确与否。当代社会主义发展的实践证明，人类社会的发展形态有可能跨越某一发展阶段，但是社会生产力和劳动方式的变革是不可以跨越的。正确理解马克思恩格斯的思想，总结当代社会主义发展经验，有助于我们把握落后国家社会主义建设的规律，搞好中国特色社会主义建设事业。

The intention of Marx and Engels' “span” theory doesn ' t refer to that the traditional village of Russia may enter socialism directly,b ut in the special international and domestic situation,village may be developed by a special noncapitalist road and practice socialist transform with the help of proletariat who had won in the West.In the 20th century,some backward country such as USSR and China eatered socialism firstly,who had different internationa l and domestic situation from the Marx and Eugels' idea.So it can't verify that the theory is correct or not.The practice of the contemporary socialism proves that the development pattern of human society may span a certain stage,but the transform of social productivity and labor pattern can't be spanned.To understan d Marx amcl Engles' thought correctly and summarize the development experiences of contemparary socialism can help as to grasp the law of socialist constructio n i n the backward country and do well in the the construation of the Chinese charae teristic socialism.