“变形”的美学——从《变形记》看卡夫卡小说的话语方式

Distorted Aesthetics——Discourse Norms in Franz Kafka's The Metamorphoses

卡夫卡在创作 (如《变形记》)中运用的是一种变形的话语方式。它常以不可思议的开头 ,把主人公和读者一起“抛入”一个变了形的审美语境 :其叙事时间寓变化于简单、叙事体态采用复合式的双重视角、叙事语式多用虚拟语气和推测性词汇。这根源于卡夫卡“变形”的美学 ,包括他对人生的生存境况的“恐惧”体验和“滑动反论”

A discourse norm of distortion is often employed in Franz Kafka's writings,e.g.The Metamorphoses.The unusual beginnings in his works usually mislead the readers and his protagonists into a distorted aesthetic context. His narrative time often puts change or alteration into simplicity,with a narrative norm of compound dual angle of view,and many of his sentence structures in subjunctive mood with hypothetical words.This mainly originates in Kafka's distorted aesthetics including his frightened experience of human's living context and his mode of thinking in the style of slip paradox.