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抗高血压药物致低钾血症的临床循证医学意义 被引量:3

The significance of hypokalemia caused by antihypertensives in clinical evidence-based medicine
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摘要 抗高血压药物导致低钾血症是老问题,但近年随着循证医学的发展在低钾血症方面又有不少新的发现。使用排钾利尿剂的所有疾病患者低钾血症总发生率为21.1%,原发性高血压者的发生率在20%以上,而原发性高血压患者使用安慰剂时低钾血症的发生率<4%。低钾血症的发生和利尿剂剂量与患者年龄相关,虽然合并用药可能避免低钾血症发生,但临床上无法预测,而且可能出现高血钾。低钾患者心律失常一直倍受关注,但近来大型研究显示心律失常与低钾相关不密切,心性猝死、原发性心脏骤停及心血管事件发生率与低钾血症密切相关。宜通过以下方法避免低钾血症:1利尿剂剂量要小;2排钾利尿剂要和保钾利尿剂或钾制剂合用;3适时监测血钾,即使使用联合用药方案;4对老年人使用利尿剂要特别注意低钾血症。
作者 徐泽昌
出处 《中国药物应用与监测》 CAS 2004年第1期30-33,共4页 Chinese Journal of Drug Application and Monitoring
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