超细粉末湿法制备过程中粒子粒度和形貌控制的基础理论

Fundamental theories of particle size and morphology controlling for ultrafine powders in wet chemical precipitation process

超细粉末的粒度和形貌控制是粉体材料制备领域内的关键性问题之一。该文对超细粉末湿法制备的基本原理和法则进行了总结和归纳,指出可用于粒度控制的原理主要包括Kelvin公式、Weimarn法则、分子级生长理论、胶粒聚集长大理论、Ostwald陈化规则、La Mer模型、粒数平衡理论,可用于形貌控制的原理主要包括热力学平衡态下的控制、动力学控制、聚集作用控制、添加剂作用控制。这些基本原理有助于指导沉淀过程中粉末物理形貌的调控以及沉淀制备体系的设计和相关反应器的设计开发。

The control of the particle size and morphology of ultrafine particles is a key problem in the research field of powder materials preparation and thereby its fundamental theories and laws are generalized.It is pointed out that the theories used for controlling the particle size are mainly including Kelvin law,Weimarn law,molecular growth principles,colloidal aggregation principles,obsoleteness law,La Mer model,population balance theory;and that for morphological control are mainly including thermomechanics equilibrium control,dynamics control,aggregation action or additive action control.Those theories/laws are beneficial to the adjustment and control of the basic characteristics of the produced powders and also to the design of the reaction systems and precipitation reactors.