基于恒星识别的微型航天器自主导航技术研究

Researching about automatic mini-aircraft navigation based on star recognition

在分析了现代星敏感器的姿态测量精度影响因素的基础上,针对软件程序中最为费时的两个过程:星图获取和星图识别进行了研究.分别提出了高效可靠的星图获取新策略,即将基于小面模型和极值理论的最大极值点的估计算法和基于单一特征值的检索的新三角形星图识别算法.新的星图提取技术易于硬件实现,适应性强,效率高.而新的星图识别技术则能与矢量技术结合进一步改进效率.它们对提高航天器自主导航系统的性能有重要的意义.

Star acquisition and star map recognition,which two take most time in software programe,are discussed in this paper,through analysis about the stance measure precision impact factors of modern star sensor.A new method of star is acquisition presented which has high efficiency and credibility,then,a estimative algorithm based on small plane model and maximum value point of the extremum theory,and a new triangle algorithm of star map recognition.The new method of star acquisition is convenient to implement on hardware,besides effective and applicable.Further more,the new algorithm of star map recognition would get higher efficiency if it combines with vector technology.All these are significant for improve the capability of automatic navigation system on aircrafts.