港湾污水排放对红树林湿地的影响

Effects of Estuarine Discharge of Wastewater on Mangrove Wetlands

通过样方调查和采样分析,研究了港湾污水的排放对红树林湿地中水体、土壤和植物3个子系统的影响。结果表明:(1)经过水体自净和红树林湿地的净化作用,随着湿地与排污口距离的加大,水体污染逐渐减轻;(2)港湾污水的排入未改变红树林湿地中土壤的质地,增大了重金属元素的含量;(3)红树林土壤对水体中的重金属元素吸附、积累能力较强,可作为重金属的沉积地;(4)港湾污水的排放对红树林植物群落结构和生长没有造成不良影响;(5)重金属元素被红树林植物吸收后大多积累在根部,避免了通过食物链的传递而影响人类健康。

Through a quadrat survey and sampling analysis, effects of estuarine discharge of wastewater on plants, water and soil in mangrove wetlands were studied. It showed that: (1) water pollution status would be gradually alleviated along with the distance away from the discharge outlet owing to the water self-purification and an assimilative effect of mangrove wetlands; (2) by the discharge of wastewater, the soil texture exhibited no change whilst its heavy metal contents increased; (3) mangrove soil could be used as heavy metal deposit sites for its strong abilities to adsorb and accumulate heavy metals; (4) no adverse effect on plant growth and community structure have been found; (5) heavy metals were mostly accumulated in roots, so that the influence on human heath through food chains could be avoided.