曲臂轴径非接触在线检测技术研究

Research on Non-contact Measurement Technology of Diameter for Crankshaft

曲臂是一种两臂轴线具有一定偏心量的大尺寸特殊零件。传统的测量方法很难实现曲臂的非接触在线测量。基于激光扫描检测技术 ,现采用激光球面反射扫描原理 ,提出了一种曲臂两臂轴径的激光非接触检测方法和测量系统。文中论述了系统的测量原理、组成与总体结构 ,着重研究了激光球面反射扫描光学系统的总体结构 ,设计了计算机通讯、实时控制与数据处理软硬件系统。通过实验对系统的测量精度进行了验证。系统实现了高精度的轴径检测 ,且不损伤工件表面 ,提高了曲臂的制造精度和检测效率。

Crankshaft is a special large spares with deviation of two arm's axes. Normal inspected instruments can't achieve non-contact measurement on line of arm diameter. Based on laser-scanning measuring technology, a laser non-contact measuring method of arm diameter for crankshaft and a measuring system by using the laser scanning principle are presented. The measuring principle, constitution and overall structure of the system are described. The laser scanning optical system is specially studied and designed. The software and hardware systems of the computer communication, real-time control and data processing have been designed. The accuracy of the system is verified by experiments. The system not only achieves high precision's inspection, but also can't damage work piece surface, thus improves crankshaft precision of manufacture and measuring efficiency.