青少年元记忆能力发展的认知研究

Cognitive Approaches of the Development in Teenagers' Metamemory Ability

元记忆是个体所具有的与自己的记忆活动有关的信念及监控系统 ,其发展研究包括元记忆知识的习得与发展、元记忆监控能力的发展等。 2 0年来的研究表明 :青少年元记忆能力的发展具有年龄阶段性和关键期 ,年龄和教育训练是其两个重要影响因素。但该领域研究还存在理论概括性不高、被试代表性不强和比较缺乏多因素实验研究等问题。其未来的研究中宜采用多因素实验设计 。

Metamemory was defined as a system concerns with personal believes and monitoring about memory, its developmental approach includes acquisition and development of metamemory knowledge, and that of metamemory monitoring. In recent 20 years the researches have indicated:the development of metamemory ability had some key-periods, and it was affected by two main factors: age and training. But in this field, there are some deficiencies such as theorical generality, subject sources and experimental design,etc. Multi-factor experimental design will become an very important method to improve the validity of study in the future.