儒家人性善恶论新诠

New Explanation on the Human Nature of Confucianism

就人类整体而言 ,善是最根本和伴随人类始终的。恶则是非根本的 ,是人类社会发展到一定时期才产生的。孟子先天性善论有合理性和深刻性 ,但过分理想化 ,轻视了现实之恶 ;荀子论证了现实之恶产生的根源 ,又设计出控制的方案 ,但却以牺牲人的道德自律为代价 ,忽视了人“神性”的一面。宋儒用“天地之性”与“气质之性”调和孟子和荀子的理论 ,弥补了他们各自的不足 ,虽有神秘主义成分 ,但对自律道德和他律道德在私人领域和公共领域的不同运用有借鉴意义。

As for the whole human beings, goodness is the most fundamental and goes with human all along. Evil is not basic human nature and it appeared only when human society developed to a certain period. Mencius's goodness of human nature has its rationality and profundity,but it's too ideal and he looked down upon the realistic evil; Xun zi demonstrated the origin of the realistic evil and thought out scheme of restraining it but ignored the aspect of human "deity". Confucianists of Song Dynasty used the "nature ...