朱熹“主敬”说过程研究——在修养工夫演进背景下的考查

A Study of Zhu Xi's Respectfulness in the Context of Cultivation of the Mind

朱熹“主敬”学术思想的确立经历了两大转变:首先是南宋的衰弱使其深受佛老思想影响的“主悟”向儒家“主静”转变;其次是在他同佛老学说的论战和对张轼、汪应辰的批判以及对儒释的区别中,在对“主静”之说的修正中对“主敬”的确立及超越。

The maturation of Zhu X i 's philosophy of respectfulness underwent two major turns. The first is the turn from the Buddhist and Laoist "Comprehend ing" to the Confucian "Quietness" in the Southern Song Dynasty. The second is the mod ification of "Quietness" toward "Respectfulness" in his debate with Buddhist and Laoist ide- as and in his criticism of Zhang Shi and W ang Y inchen.