个人权利的基础和位置——评麦金泰尔对新自由主义权利理论的批判

The Foundation and Location of Individual Rights——the Critical Comments on the Rights Theory of New Liberalism by Alasdair Macintyre

个人权利是政治哲学的核心范畴,新自由主义和社群主义是政治哲学的两个流派。以罗尔斯和诺齐克为代表的新自由主义将建立在个人主义基础上的个人权利置于优先位置,个人主义的前提是先验个人。以麦金泰尔(A lasdair MacIntyre)为代表的社群主义试图从根本上摧毁新自由主义的权利基础论,认为个人权利的基础不是先验个人而是社群,置于优先位置的是公共利益而不是个人权利。建设社会主义和谐社会应保持公共利益与个人权利之间的合理张力。

Individual rights are the core category of political philosophy,which contains the two schools of new liberalism and the creed of community.New liberalism,represented by Rawls and Nozick gives priority to individual rights based on individualism,transcendental individuals are the premise of individualism.While the creed of community,represented by Alasdair Macintyre tries to smash rights-based theory of new liberalism fundamentally.It considers that the basis of rights is community rather than individuals,p...