女性主义视野中中国古代四大美女形象的再解读

Re-analysis of the images of the four major ancient Chinese beauties in women’s doctrine visual angle

西施、王昭君、貂蝉、杨贵妃分别以沉鱼、落雁、闭月、羞花之貌成为公认的中国古代四大美女。长期以来,我们对中国古代四大美女形象存在着较大程度的误读,例如出于政治或经济利益(如旅游开发等)的原因,将西施、王昭君作为爱国主义的典型而掩盖她们在男权社会被作为物体来交换的生存状态。因此本文力图以女性主义的视角来解读中国古代四大美女形象的女性悲剧意义:四大美女作为中国古代美女形象的基型只是男性欲望的存在、审美的对象和理想的载体,是男性之间实现政治目的或利益互换的物体,而她们的结局则象征着父权制文化系统下男性及男性文本对女性的压抑甚至憎恨。

XI Shi, WANG Zhao-jun, DIAO Chan, and YANG Gui-fei, each with the appearances that sink fish, fall wild goose, close moon and shy flower, are generally regarded as the four major ancient Chinese beauties. People have kept a deep misunderstanding to their images for a long time. For political or economic reasons (such as tourism development), we just regarded them as the model of patriotism, but concealed their existence state to be exchanged as the objects in the male-dominant society. This paper tries to a...