从语用学的角度分析日语人称表达的特征

On the Characteristics of Personal Pronouns in the Japanese Language from a Pragmatic Perspective

人称代词即用于表示与语言行动直接相关的说者、听者及话题中出现的人物,是言语表达不可或缺的要素。现代日语中人称代词的数量是汉语人称代词的一倍以上,而在语言交际中尽量避免使用人称代词,即无人称代词却知其所指、知其所在,这也是语用学人称的重要表现形式。本文从说话状况和说话机能、句子功能着手,分析日语语用学人称的特征。

Personal pronouns are used as subjects or objects of verbs. They are the indispensable elements in speeches. Personal pronouns in Japanese are twice the amount as in Chinese. However,personal pronouns are always intended to be avoided in communication,as they are understood what they are referred to,which is an important manifestation of pragmatics. This paper trys to expatiate on the characteristics of pragmatics personal pronouns in Japanese by analyzing the context and the function of speeches.