影响孙吴历史进程的两位女性:吴夫人与全公主

Madam Wu and Princess Quan: Two Influential Females in Historical Process of the Kingdom of Wu

在孙吴发展史上 ,孙权之母吴夫人与孙权之女全公主曾先后产生过决定性的作用。吴夫人身处孙吴立国前后 ,对协调孙策、孙权兄弟与南北士大夫的关系 ,组建谋士集团 ,决定独立发展的战略等 ,都有定夺之功。全公主在孙权中后期 ,正值乃父与儒学士大夫阶层矛盾激化之时 ,她乘机兴风作浪 ,为其生母争皇后位 ,参预安排权之继嗣 ,挑起孙权顾命集团的纷争 ,目的在于操纵实权 ,从而恶化了孙吴之政治斗争。二人虽同处后宫 ,皆参预朝政 ,但作用迥然不同。

Madam Wu, Sun Quan's mother, and Princess Quan, Sun Quan's daughter had played overwhelming roles successively in the development of the history of the Kingdom of Wu. Madam Wu was active before and after the founding of the Kingdom of Wu. She played a decisive role in mediating Sun Ce and Sun Quan, and the aristocrats from both the north and the south, forming a consolatory group, and adopting the strategy of independent development; while Princess Quan, who was active in the middle and late part of Sun Quan regime, took advantage of the intensified contradictions between her father and the Confucian aristocrats, tried hard to scramble for the position of the queen for her mother, involved herself in choosing successor to the throne, and provoked strife among the high-ranking officials mandated by Sun Quan to assist the young King. Her purpose was to manipulate the power, and the political strife worsened as a result. Though both of the two females were leading members of the harem, both had a hand in politics, they played entirely different roles.