试论清代扬州书院在扬州学派形成中的作用

On the Status of the Yangzhou Academies of Classical Learning in the Qing Dynasty in the Establishment of the Yangzhou School of Thought

考察清代的扬州书院教育是探索扬州党派的一个切入口。扬州安定、梅花、广陵三书院的掌院中,有些人又是盐商的上宾,盐运使的幕府中,有些人是著名的学者。扬州书院的经费,有两淮盐政、盐商的资助,束修、膏火皆优于其他书院,吸引了著名学者来扬执教,优秀学子来扬求学。这样难得的历史机遇,是扬州学派产生的社会基础。

In the Qing Dynasty, the three academies of classical learning, Anding, Meihua, and Guangling in Yangzhou, had the best teachers, adequate funds, and excellent sources of students. Besides, the chiefs of the academies often chanted and recited poems with the friends of the government official in charge of salt transportation and the guests of the salt tradesmen, and learned from each other by exchanging views on poem writing. Such an interactive relationship was favorable to constituting a good academic atmosphere and to the creation of good opportunities for talent development. All this was the social foundation of the establishment of the Yangzhou School of Thought.