福建省灯光围网作业的捕捞能力

Fishing capacity of light-purse seine in Fujian Province

首次采用峰值法(PTP)和数据包络分析法(DEA)对福建省历年灯光围网的捕捞能力进行计算。结果表明,大部分年份的捕捞能力未得到充分利用。PTP技术趋势表明:20年来福建省灯光围网的捕捞技术更趋成熟、效率不断提高。采用DEA法对近13年来,福建省投入在闽南—台湾浅滩渔场的灯光围网捕捞能力进行计算,结果表明:投入在该渔场灯光围网的捕捞能力也未达充分利用,其平均能力利用度为79.9%。作业天数是制约该渔场灯光围网能力发挥的重要因素之一。最后,采用DEA法对惠安县灯光围网进行多指标限制的捕捞能力计算。结果表明:2001和2002年该县灯光围网船队捕捞能力利用率分别为84.4%和95.7%,发挥较好。影响该县灯光围网捕捞能力发挥的主要原因有诱鱼灯光设备、作业天数和主机马力或吨位大小等,而网具规格、船员数、辅机设备等配备则较合理。

According to the fisheries statistical data issued by the relevant authorities in Fujian Province, both methods, the peak to peak(PTP) and the data envelopment analysis(DEA), were debuted to assess the fishing capacity and the capacity utilization of light-purse seines(LPS) in Fujian. The results showed that the capacity of LPS was not sufficiently utilized in the past years, but the trend of PTP technology showed that the fishing technology of LPS was becoming more and more efficient during that period. The DEA method was also applied to estimate the capacity and capacity utilization of LPS which was operated in the Minnan-Taiwan Shoal Fishing Ground(MTSFG) during the past 13 years, the results of which indicated the average capacity utilization being 79.9% and the fishing capacity of LPS being not sufficient in the Ground too. The number of fishing days was one of major factors affecting the fishing capacity of LPS in the Ground. Moreover, the authors also applied the DEA method to assess the capacity and capacity utilization of LPS in Hui′an County. The results showed that the utilization of LPS was 84.4% in 2001 and 95.7% in 2002. The major factors affecting the fishing capacity of LPS were included the light equipment for fish attraction, the number of fishing days spent in a year, the engine power operated and the gross tonnage of fishing boats involved. However, other factors such as the gear size, the number of crew and the auxiliary engine power need to be provided properly.